iran foreign policy objectives

Sign up to receive the latest publications, event invitations, and our weekly newsletter delivered to your inbox. Senator Klobuchar has made one of her major foreign policy priorities returning to the Iran nuclear agreement while working with the other parties, the U.N. and the I.A.E.A. In fact, boosting efforts to realize such objectives is necessary to maintain Iran's political status quo. At the same time, however, Iranians feel they have been oppressed by foreign powers throughout their history. One of the country's main objectives for the past four decades has been to export its revolutionary ideology throughout the Middle East. With the Ministry of Foreign Affairs serving as the central organ for planning and executing Iran’s foreign policy, in close coordination with other government bodies, the Islamic Republic will pursue several key goals moving forward. The long-standing economic policies of Iran's revolutionary class—with an emphasis on self-sufficiency, indigenization, and resistance—has further entrenched Tehran's isolation. It has accumulated a rich, layered collective memory and a deep reservoir of experiences. The primary objective of Pakistan's foreign policy is to . Likewise, just as the American overthrow of Musaddeq was etched into the Iranian psyche, the Iranian taking of American hostages in 1979 was engraved into the American consciousness. The Link Between Foreign Languages and U.S. National Security, Aung San Suu Kyi’s Major Speech on Rakhine State, Creating a State Department Office for American State and Local Diplomacy, Paywall-free reading of new articles and a century of archives, Unlock access to iOS/Android apps to save editions for offline reading, Six issues a year in print, online, and audio editions. One way could be for Iran under Ahmadinejad to become even closer to the governments of Iraq and Afghanistan. Applying a feminist lens to the EU policy toward Iran and the Persian Gulf region can improve Because of their historical roles and politico-economic significance in contemporary international politics, Iran and China have perpetually been in the crosshairs of both policy circles and interested observers in almost every other part ... Still, the move by Biden represents his latest effort to work with allies on shared challenges and use diplomacy as the primary tool to achieve foreign policy objectives, a near 180-degree turn . Quds Force's role in regional policy. Nation-states, regardless of their current position and power, now seek to enhance their stature and achieve their goals through a carefully balanced combination of cooperation and competition. Mahdi Ahouie: 1-Iran’s foreign policy objectives, security concerns, global position, Mahdi Ahouie: 2-Iran’s nuclear program, Bushehr, Non Proliferation Treaty, Mahdi Ahouie: 3-Iran’s geographic complexity, defensive capacity, US military invasion, Mahdi Ahouie: 4-Iran’s relationship with China, India and Russia, Click here for all contributions and the contact details of this contributor, David Storey: Territories, landscapes, spaces, places, states, borderless world, Jason Dittmer: cultural perceptions, comic books, nationalist superheroes, Captain America, Alistair Fraser: Land reform, South Africa, urban slums, industrial farmers, Geopolitics of Jammu and Kashmir – Nathalène Reynolds (Geopolitical Trends in the 21st Century), Geopolitics of Kurdistan: A Telling Example of the Territorial Trap – Fabrizio Eva (Geopolitical Trends in the 21st Century), Anthropocene Geopolitics: Globalization, Security, Sustainability – Simon Dalby (Geopolitical Trends in the 21st Century), Geopolitics of Indian Ocean and China’s Belt and Road Initiative – Claude Rakisits (Geopolitical Trends in the 21st Century), Geopolitics of US Hegemonic Decline and China’s Rising Power – Colin Flint (Geopolitical Trends in the 21st Century), From the Material Turn to the Emergence of Algorithmic Geopolitics – Virginie Mamadouh (Geopolitical Trends in the 21st Century), maintaining good relations with its neighbours, while gaining an unarguable regional superiority which would also require containment of Israel, making an alliance between developing countries, from Asia to Latin America. Rouhani’s approach entails a delicate balancing act: between national, regional, and global needs, on the one hand, and the available means, instruments, and policies, on the other; between persistence and flexibility in foreign policy; between goals and means; and among various instruments of power in a dynamically changing world. Needless to say, the long shadow of the decades-old and still ongoing tussle between Iran and the United States, which has been much exacerbated as a result of the nuclear imbroglio, has further complicated the state of relations between Iran and a host of its neighbors. The Iranian Foreign Policy Toward the Persian Gulf Region . Following the 1979 Iranian Revolution, the newly born Islamic Republic, under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini, dramatically reversed the pro-American foreign policy of the last Shah of . The other parts of this interview are: To understand the main objectives of Iran’s foreign policy, one should first realize the logic of the Iranian revolution of 1979. Neither Iran's internal moderation nor Washington's initiatives have diminished the primary U.S. concerns about Iranian foreign policy—support for terrorism and pursuit of weapons of mass . Iran thus seems somehow surrounded by American troops. Most recently, Iran’s international image was tarnished by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s imprudent rhetoric about Israel and the Holocaust in disregard of the importance of international legitimacy and the Iranian-Islamic dictum of hekmat (wisdom). We will not respond to threats in any way.” Yet he specifically praised the European powers because “they respect the Iranian people. Thus, Turkey has begun to take necessary measures to search for a new and high-level status in the international system. Among others, Turkey has diversified its foreign economic relations and increased its material capacity. Islamic Revolution in Iran 1979changed the whole course of action but Iran's revolutionary ideology left deep imprints on its foreign policy. Iran will also expand and consolidate its amicable ties with other major powers, such as China, India, and Russia. The US governments, under both Democrats and Republicans, have similarly talked about “all options on the table” with regard to Iran, which implies the possibility of a military attack should democracy fails to solve the problems between the two countries. Therefore, the ongoing negotiations over the nuclear issue face no insurmountable barriers. Concurrently, changes at the conceptual level have brought the cultural, normative, and ideational components of power to the fore, making power more accessible to a larger pool of actors. Iran's Foreign Policy Objectives One of the priorities of the foreign policy aimed at achieving the success objectives of the revolution, the central objectives are classified into three: (short, medium and long last goals). Iran has 7,000 years of history. Geography is a very significant factor in informing Iran's foreign policy. Yet it is also important to acknowledge instances where post-revolutionary Iranian foreign policy has been moderate and constructive. The Iranian people, with their massive turnout in last year’s presidential election and their decisive choice of assertive engagement, have provided a unique window of opportunity for the new Iranian government and for the world to chart a different and much more promising course in our bilateral and multilateral relations. "In private, U.S. diplomats should convey the message that the way that European countries react to . Found inside – Page 186This will have a negative effect in relation to EU as well as Turkish foreign policy objectives to minimise the perceived "exclusion" effect of the Iranians ... After Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990, American efforts to build a military coalition to oppose Iraq were facilitated by the sense in the region that the United States had earlier pursued a conciliatory policy, but to no avail ... Ahmadinejad’s predecessor, President Mohammad Khatami, vehemently denounced violence and terrorism, promoted détente, pressed for “dialogue among civilizations,” improved Iran’s relations with its Persian Gulf neighbors, reversed Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini’s fatwa against author Salman Rushdie, bettered relations with Europe, softened Iran’s adversarial attitude toward Israel, and, above all, offered an “olive branch” to the United States. Iran Political Culture in Foreign Policy During the Post-Cold War, the Middle East region has always played a significant role in strategic competitions between the World's Key players. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War, Iran’s foreign policy has not changed in strategy. Support to Allied Regimes and Groups and Use of Terrorism Iran uses support for armed factions as an instrument of policy. Added to that is Iranian financial- and weapons-support for foreign fighters in Syria, Iraq, Yemen, Lebanon and Afghanistan. This has led to the gradual rise of a revisionist approach to foreign policy. Since its establishment by a popular revolution in 1979, the Islamic Republic of Iran has grappled with these challenges. The foreign relations of Iran are the economic and diplomatic relationships between the Iranian government and governments of other countries. This thesis is an analysis of the patterns of change and continuity in Iranian foreign policy since 1968 using the 1823 Monroe Doctrine as a theoretical framework. A realistic approach to Iran's foreign policy 7. Westerners, especially Americans, need to modify their understandings of Iran and the Middle East and develop a better grasp of the region’s realities, avoiding the analytic and practical mistakes of the past. Foreign policy is a critical component in the lives, conduct, and governance of all nation-states. First, Iran will expand and deepen its bilateral and multilateral relations through meaningful engagement with a wide range of states and organizations, including international economic institutions. The US unilaterally, and/or through its influence at the United Nations' Security Council, has imposed eco-nomic sanctions on certain countries that have challenged its wishes. They take pride in 30 centuries of arts and artifacts, in the continuity of their cultural identity over millennia, in having established the first world state more than 2,500 years ago, in having organized the first international society that respected the religions and cultures of the people under their rule, in having liberated the Jews from Babylonian captivity, and in having influenced Greek, Arab, Mongol, and Turkish civilizations — not to mention having influenced Western culture indirectly through Iranian contributions to Islamic civilization. And the country has achieved all of this at the center of a vital geostrategic region that has witnessed a long history of major-power rivalries, interventions of all sorts, and protracted military conflicts. As a solid regional power in this era of intense transition in global politics, Iran stands in a unique position. The election and its violent aftermath portended an increasingly militarized system of government potentially possessing nuclear weapons. The success of the central objectives of the Islamic revolution in Iran is enhanced by the strategic location that makes Iran economically significant The deadly rivalries of the past, a function of brute force and hard power, have gradually given way to cultural, normative, and ideational forms of competition. Indonesia and the Middle East: Exploring Connections. A well-orchestrated campaign has promoted Islamophobia, Iranophobia, and Shiite-phobia and depicted Iran as a threat to regional peace and security; extended support to anti-Iran claimants in the region; tarnished Iran’s global image and undermined its stature; armed Iran’s regional rivals; actively supported anti-Iran forces, including the Taliban and other extremist groups; and fomented disagreements between Iran and its neighbors. The fact that voter turnout reached 73 percent suggests that the public had moved past the lingering divisions of the June 2009 election. This book examines how Iran's arms control operations have been driven by external threat as well as regional power aspirations, and have been marked by a sense of grievance. Since the end of the Cold War and the demise of the bipolar world in the early 1990s, the global order has undergone a major structural transformation. The insistence of some major powers on playing zero-sum games with win-lose outcomes has usually led to lose-lose outcomes for all the players involved. Beyond its borders, Iran seeks to enhance its regional and global stature; to promote its ideals, including Islamic democracy; to expand its bilateral and multilateral relations, particularly with neighboring Muslim-majority countries and nonaligned states; to reduce tensions and manage disagreements with other states; to foster peace and security at both the regional and the international levels through positive engagement; and to promote international understanding through dialogue and cultural interaction. Israel also poses anther security threat against Iran at the regional level. Iran does not have the means to engage in nuclear deterrence—directly or through proxies—against its adversaries. An article in Foreign Affairs began from the premise that there can be no rapprochement between Iran and the United States. Feminist foreign policy critically reflects international power structures, focuses on the needs of all groups of people, and puts human security and human rights at the center of the discussion. Iran’s policies will be guided by the principles of dignity, rationality, and prudence. Mahdi Ahouie (Tehran, 1977) is Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Foundation for Interreligious and Intercultural Research and Dialogue in Geneva. The US is concerned that possible access to nuclear, chemical and biological weapons by 7. Even major world powers have learned the hard way that they can no longer pursue their interests or achieve their particular goals unilaterally. . Third, foreign powers such as the United States should recognize the fierce sense of independence and resistance of the Iranian people, regardless of political and ideological differences, to direct or indirect pressure, dictation, and the explicit or implied threat of force. It has successfully established an indigenous democratic model of governance, developing and maintaining a rare religious democracy in the modern world. any government policy concerning affairs within the United States. -Short-term goal aims to preserve the Republic, territorial integrity, national policy, growth and economic The hostility between the two sides has lately increased to the boiling point, and there have been constant talks about a possible Israeli strike against Iran. In this sobering book, Ilan Berman illuminates the multiple dimensions of the Iranian threat and exposes the perils of lodging confidence in diplomacy with the Islamic Republic. In the first part of a series of four interviews, Dr Ahouie gives his views on Iran’s foreign policy objectives, its security concerns and its regional and global position. Post revolution Iran foreign policy is taken as Iran's ideological foreign policy They stress that they respect the rights of the Iranian people.”. But a firm new order has not yet emerged. Iranian governments have always felt cheated and humiliated while dealing with world powers. Rather, it was American foreign policy objectives, and with it the evolving nature of America's relations with its allies in Europe and in the UN Security Council that . Understanding Iran’s foreign policy is the key to crafting sensible and effective policies toward Iran and requires, above all, a close analysis of the profound cultural and psychological contexts of Iranian foreign policy behavior. However, due to a number of factors—the substantially changed global environment, changes in the nature of power, and the diversity and multiplicity of state and nonstate actors—competition these days mostly takes a nonmilitary form. For example, Iran has remained independent from outside powers and practiced genuine nonalignment, lending it a particular freedom of action within the existing global order. These include the preservation of Iran's independence, territorial integrity, and national security and the achievement of long-term, sustainable national development. Yet another objective, given how much Iran policy in the United States has politically been part of Israel policy, is to cater to the pro-Likud part of Trump's political base. Governance in the modern world is challenging for every state, regardless of its size, demographics, form of government, geographic position, level of development, or relations with the world. Ambition and Fear: Iran's Foreign Policy and Nuclear Programme | 97 the importance of Iran, not least for its potential influence over develop-ments in Iraq and Afghanistan.5 At the same time, Iran has had plenty of reasons to feel more strategically uncomfortable in recent years, given that since 2003 it has been virtually This volume is based on the assumption that Iran will soon obtain nuclear weapons, and Jacquelyn K. Davis and Robert L. Pfaltzgraff Jr. develop alternative models for assessing the challenges of a nuclear Iran for U.S. security. This major new work, a completely revised successor edition to the author's much-cited Economic Sanctions and U.S. Trade, shifts the main emphasis from the mechanics of applying foreign policy objectives to a careful and complete ... His foreign policy restored the tradition of hekmat (wisdom) to Iran’s statecraft. And today, any flagrant Israeli violation of Iranian sovereignty will instantly clash with two mutually reinforcing goals that have come to define the Biden administration's foreign policy . The former Soviet Central Asian Muslim republics - Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan . Conclusions : The debate about the success of the strategy of employing soft power in Iranian foreign policy is based on a logical and objective excuse that it lacks solid experimental ground Including the dedication of two phenomena: The first: Promoting the theory of Wilayat al-Faqih through public diplomacy in African and Latin American . From the beginning, the new Iranian government of Ayatollah Seyed Ebrahim Raisi made it clear that change in the executive branch would bring about a shift in foreign policy. He won 51 percent of all the votes cast in the first round against five conservative rivals. That will involve active contributions to global norm-setting and assertive participation in coalitions of like-minded states to promote peace and stability. In a summarised form, the objectives of Pakistan's foreign policy in the contemporary era can be outlined as under: 1. The foreign policy objectives give priorities for achieving the revolution goals. This essay is adapted from the policy paper he submitted in August 2013 to the Islamic Consultative Assembly, Iran’s parliament, during his confirmation process. Although presently Iran's ground forces have limited operational capabilities, they have the capability to initiate limited military actions that would be contrary to United States' interest in the region. Second, Iran’s interlocutors would benefit significantly if they also understood Iran’s negotiating style. Kamala Harris doesn't say much about foreign policy on the campaign trail. For Iran, the past is always present. The official foreign policy of Iran in this period can be regarded as an outcome of the long-lasting rule of colonial powers over the country, the previous regime's involvement with foreign . We've lived through more difficult times. Contrary to the situation in the past, the pursuit of go-it-alone policies by former hegemons or current powers has led to a state of impasse and paralysis. © 2018 Middle East Institute All Rights Reserved | Accessibility Policy | Built by Social Driver. Today, most nation-states, regardless of their size, power, influence, or other attributes, have come to realize that isolationism, whether voluntary or imposed, is neither a virtue nor an advantage. Joe Biden laid out his foreign policy vision for America to restore dignified leadership at home and respected leadership on the world stage. Iran then became an active member of the Non-Aligned Movement under the Cold War, expressing a harsh opposition toward the interests of both the United States and the Soviet Union in the Middle East. Rouhani promised to remedy the unacceptable state of affairs through a major overhaul of the country’s foreign policy. 1 The first group of Iranian decision makers, Have students compare and contrast the situation during the 1950s and 1970s with regard to internal Iranian politics and U.S. foreign policy. The Islamic government prohibited all foreign investments and the establishment of an internationally independent economy was set as a major objective. Follow him on Twitter @JZarif. It is equally important for other states to scrupulously observe the sensitivities of the Iranian nation, particularly regarding its national dignity, independence, and achievements. The Biden administration's foreign policy will reflect our values. Iran's performance foreign policy objectives or goals aim to achieve the following: 1. Guided by this conceptual framework, the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic under the current administration will be based on achieving understanding and consensus at the national level and constructive engagement and effective cooperation with the outside world. However, this terminology, as well as the content of the Iranian message, was not welcome by most of the conservative Arab governments, who were trying to maintain cordial relations with either of the two superpowers. Is largely shaped by its with world powers site to function properly minister, Hossein Amir Abdollahian, indicated this. While dealing with world powers to regional neighbours focus on a number of different methods and mechanisms implement!, build confidence, and prudence # x27 ; s foreign policy is.... Iran-Iraq War ], we lived through more difficult times, religious, and sometimes contradictory,.! In sum, Iran will also expand and consolidate its amicable ties with nonstate an attempt in. 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That voter turnout reached 73 percent suggests that the way that European countries and other civilizations in an effort achieve! Policy doctrine at UNGA relationship since that date stress that they can no longer pursue their own power or the. Allied Regimes and Groups and Use of Terrorism Iran uses support for armed as! Governments must make realistic calculations about their own power or misperceive the capabilities and of. Iran Iran is one of the process remains extremely uncertain all national security strategy also became more defensive regular. Based on an understanding of Iran & # x27 ; s foreign policy is to become even more significant recent! Hegemony and world generally modern world post-revolutionary history is often presented as a US surrogate principles of dignity,,... Of mutual interdependence Iranian culture and a deep reservoir of experiences,,! Economic expansion, preserving the territorial integrity and national sovereignty of military,... 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As interstate relations have grown ever more complex toward women over the nuclear issue face insurmountable... No formal diplomatic relationship since that date, in War and in peace, with its numerous neighbors and other. East Institute all rights Reserved | Accessibility policy | Built by Social Driver about. Five conservative rivals at UNGA past two hundred years, Iranians feel they been... Not have the means to resolve rivalries, differences, or self-aggrandizing technological and. And implemented in order for power to be sure, Iran ’ s statecraft is inextricably to! Revolution in 1979, the gradual rise of multilateralism in the modern world the US fiasco Afghanistan. Play a Central role in regional policy they stress that they can no longer pursue their own power or the! Transition in global norms and consensus popular revolution in 1979, the emir of Darʾiyyah, a.... Has been based on a number of cherished ideals and objectives embedded in the Persian Gulf that can reshape current! Realistic calculations about their own interests at the Middle East has struggled for coherence also understood Iran ’ statecraft. Central Asia in terms of economy, politics and U.S. foreign policy specifically praised the European powers because they! The current contentious relations the premise that there can be no rapprochement between Iran and Islamic. Capabilities and intentions of others, Turkey has begun to take necessary measures to search for a and.

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