human rights in vietnam 2020

By the end of 2019, Vietnam surpassed Malaysia and Thailand to reach the largest installed capacity of solar panels in Southeast Asia. The government also requires such owners to submit detailed plans of their content and scope for approval. Mapudungun Penalties for sex with minors between the ages of 16 and 18 vary from five to 10 years in prison, depending upon the circumstances. Although the constitution provides the ability to elect representatives to the National Assembly, people’s councils, and other state agencies directly, constitutional and legal provisions established a monopoly on political power for the CPV, and the CPV oversaw all elections. The government forbids direct access to the internet through foreign internet service providers and requires them to provide technical assistance and workspace to public security agents to allow them to monitor internet activities. The law provides for a 48-hour regular workweek, with overtime payment for additional hours worked. One of the Dong Tam villagers who was detained and then released following the January 9 clash with police (see section 1.a.) Xhosa Belarusian There were no standard legal or administrative requirements as to when suspects must be brought before a judicial officer. The nature of the third generation of human rights is collective (Ivic 2010 ). 03 / Select Countries You can add more than one country or area. The current workload simply is too tight and I cannot find enough time for scrupulous and attentive work. Authorities also did not always enforce required attendance laws or enforce them equally for boys and girls, especially in rural areas, where government and family budgets for education were limited and children’s labor in agriculture was valuable. Local media also reported children working as beggars in gangs whose leaders abused the children and took most of their income. Human Rights. From March 13 to April 17, Nguyen Nang Tinh was on hunger strike to protest Nghi Kim Prison officials’ refusal to allow him to meet with a Catholic priest, although Tinh was technically ineligible for such a visit while his case remained under appeal. Polish At least two women  ̶  Dinh Thi Thu Thuy and Ma Phung Ngoc Phu – were arbitrarily arrested and charged for expressing their views on the government’s COVID-19 response, and hundreds more people were fined for expressing their opinion on the COVID-19 response on social media. Ido Police routinely place activists under house arrest or briefly detain them to prevent them from participating in meetings and protests or attending the trials of fellow activists. In most of the trials, defense attorneys were given time to address the court and question their clients, but they could not call witnesses or examine prosecutors’ evidence. Kurdish Vietnam did little to improve its abysmal human rights record in 2019. A confluence of domestic and international events conspired to bring about some . They also enabled police to search Hai’s office and confiscate sensitive documents related to his defense of human rights activists, including Truong Duy Nhat. In December, Viet Nam abstained in a vote at the UN General Assembly calling for a moratorium on the use of the death penalty. While a suspect is detained during investigation, authorities may deny family visits; they routinely denied such visits for those arrested on national security charges or in other politically motivated cases. Drawing largely on Vietnamese language sources, Heather Stur demonstrates that the conflict in Vietnam was really three wars: the political war in Saigon, the military war, and the war for international public opinion. In June, several members of the European Parliament wrote a letter urging the EU to press the Vietnamese government to improve its rights record. Although Hanoi has improved its human rights record, concerns remain in several areas, including freedom of expression and labor rights. In such cases a prosecutor must approve or disapprove the arrest within 12 hours of receiving notice from police. They were charged with possessing materials “that aim to oppose the State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam” under penal code article 117. Legal restrictions exist against women in certain occupations and tasks, including jobs deemed “hazardous” in industries such as mining, construction, and transportation. US Department of State: Human Rights Practices Report 2016. The purpose of this paper is to undertake a "real-time" assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the right to participate in hospitality and tourism and to illustrate where such rights are under threat.,This discussion is based on a review of current events, assessed through interpretation of a human rights lens.,Rights to participate in hospitality and tourism, particularly in . The Commission is working with all levels of Government, peak bodies, human rights agencies and community organisations to progress the Framework. The U.S. State Department, in its most recent human rights report, said that among significant human rights abuses in Vietnam were "the worst forms of restrictions on free expression, the press, and the internet, including arbitrary arrest and prosecution . There were numerous cases of authorities arresting or detaining activists or government critics contrary to the law or on spurious grounds. Found inside – Page 57The plan aligns with SEDS 2011–2020, SEDP 2016–2020, 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and Vietnam's international human rights commitments, ... "Abbie Hoffman, Yippie non-leader, notorious dope addict and up-and-coming rock group (the WHAT), is currently on trial with seven others for conspiracy to incite riot during the Democratic Convention. During the year there were credible reports political influence, endemic corruption, bribery, and inefficiency strongly distorted the judicial system. In response to Nhat lawyer’s question during the appeal about where and when Nhat was arrested, the prosecutor stated that Nhat was arrested in Hanoi in January 2019. Mr. Chairman and Members of the Committee let me begin by thanking you for holding this important and timely hearing. The police chief was detained; the two other officers were held under house arrest pending the completion of the investigation. VFF officials refused, however, to qualify any of these candidates, and authorities instructed official media to criticize some of them. The essays in this collection provide a sharper understanding of how Asian/Americans have been subjected to human rights violations, how they act as subjects of history and agents of change, and how they produce knowledge around such ... During the September trial of 29 villagers from Dong Tam (see section 1.a. The information ministry may revoke the licenses of foreign publishers; foreign publishers must renew their licenses annually. Pro-democracy activists, independent journalists, authors and publishers faced sustained harassment, physical assault, arbitrary prosecution and torture and other ill-treatment in police custody. Traditional Chinese Members of the security forces committed numerous abuses. The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is an authoritarian state ruled by a single party, the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), and led by General Secretary and President Nguyen Phu Trong, Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc, and Chairwoman of the ... While there was no direct link between APT32 and the government, FireEye contended that the personnel details and data accessed from the targeted organizations were of “very little use to any party other than the Vietnamese government.”, The constitution and law provide for freedom of expression, including for the press; however, in practice the government did not respect these rights, and several laws specifically encroach on freedom of expression. European lawmakers are set to approve free trade and investment deals between the EU and Vietnam that will eliminate almost all tariffs over the next ten years, despite concerns about the human rights situation in the country.After an influential Parliament trade committee. 7 Oct 2020 Vietnam has detained prominent human rights campaigner and writer Pham Doan Trang hours after the conclusion of its annual human rights dialogue with the United States. Wed 7 Oct 2020 21.43 EDT. Some unregistered religious groups such as the Vietnam Baptist Convention and independent Pentecostal groups reported government interference. In political trials neither defendants nor their attorneys were allowed to examine or review evidence relied upon by the prosecution. Former political prisoners reported they received only two small bowls of rice and vegetables daily, often mixed with foreign matter such as insects or stones. The law limits freedom of association by not allowing trade unions full autonomy in administering their affairs. Local officials in some provinces, notably in the highlands, discriminated against members of ethnic and religious minority groups. Macedonian In some cases the government imposed heavy fines on employers, especially foreign-owned companies, which engaged in illegal practices that led to strikes. The Ministry of Labor, War Invalids, and Social Affairs is the principal labor authority, and it oversees the enforcement of labor law. Stay up to date and learn about key human rights issues in Viet Nam 2020 On January 1, the government implemented the Law on the Execution of Criminal Judgements, which calls for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, or intersex (LGBTI) prisoners to be detained or imprisoned separately from the general detainee or inmate population. During the early morning hours, they raided the house of local elder Le Dinh Kinh, who had led the villagers’ years-long resistance against the seizure of 145 acres of agricultural land for use in a new military installation. Provides broad and deep insight in the core concepts and principles of the European Convention on Human Rights. In most cases they were austere but generally not life threatening. The government also continued to use broad national security and antidefamation provisions to restrict freedom of expression. By law security forces need public prosecutorial orders to enter homes forcibly, but Ministry of Public Security officers regularly entered or surveilled homes, particularly of activists, without legal authority. Legal scholars, academics, and human rights activists cited “serious irregularities” with the trial. According to the government, 99 percent of eligible voters cast ballots in the 2016 election, a figure activists and international observers considered improbably high. The constitution provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel, emigration, and repatriation, but the government imposed limits on the movement of individuals, especially those convicted under national security or related charges or outspoken critics of the government. It states a worker older than age 15 and younger than 18 shall not perform work that might damage the physical or intellectual development and dignity of the minor, such as lifting heavy objects or dealing with alcohol or dangerous chemicals or gases. On January 9, a large contingent of armed police officers belonging to the Ministry of Public Security and Hanoi police surrounded Dong Tam village, My Duc District, Hanoi. Oromo Under the new labor code beginning in 2021, the retirement ages of employees in normal working conditions shall be 60 years and three months for men, and 55 years and four months for women, and shall increase by three months for men and four months for women each consecutive year. This is the story of what happened in the camps. In Camps raises key questions that remain all too relevant today: Who is a refugee? Who determines this status? And how does it change over time? Portuguese Armenian Authorities continued to prevent activists from travelling by preventing them from leaving their houses during events that might draw great public attention. Rundi Sexual Harassment: The law prohibits sexual harassment in the workplace. Oriya On 6 October 2020, woman human rights defender Pham Doan Trang was arrested from her apartment in Ho Chi Minh City. Prison officials often held political prisoners in small groups separate from the general inmate population and treated them differently. Russian Vietnam's response to the COVID-19 is in accordance with the third generation of human rights that are based on solidarity. The CPV did not enforce these provisions consistently. Slovak Space to play or pause, M to mute, left and right arrows to seek, up and down arrows . Detainee’s Ability to Challenge Lawfulness of Detention before a Court: There is no such right under law. Mike Pompeo, US Secretary of State visited Vietnam in late October 29-30, 2020 to discuss issues related to comprehensive partnership, and look for areas to further develop the relationship. CPV candidates won 475 of the 496 seats. In April 2019, police in Dien Bien province reported that they had successfully convinced “163 households including 1,006 people to have renounced an evil religion called ‘Gie Sua.’” In May 2019, the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom published its report in which Vietnam is listed as a “Country of Particular Concern.”. For example, while the law requires new construction or major renovations of government and large public buildings to include access for persons with disabilities, enforcement was sporadic, particularly outside major cities. Authorities prosecuted rape cases but did not release arrest, prosecution, conviction, or punishment statistics. In 2019 the government reported 8,150 occupational accidents with 8,327 victims, including 927 fatal incidents with 979 deaths. In fact, since the new leadership took office, at least half a dozen activists and bloggers have been imprisoned. In 2019, authorities convicted at least 25 people in politically motivated cases. The law states the executive committee of a trade union may issue a decision to go on strike only when at least 50 percent of workers support it. The civil code gives individuals who have undergone a “sex change” the right to register their new status. There were multiple reports of individuals crossing the land borders with Laos or Cambodia illegally because they were unable to obtain passports or exit permission; in some cases, this included persons wanted for crimes and political or other activism. French A joint study by the government and the UN revealed that nearly two in three married women experienced physical, sexual, emotional or economic violence and controlling behaviours by their husbands in their lifetime, and almost one-third reported such treatment in the preceding 12 months. The constitution affords individuals the right of association, but the government severely restricted the establishment of associations involved in what the government considered “sensitive” activities such as political, religious and labor issues. Albanian As of December, at least 173 known prisoners of conscience were imprisoned in Viet Nam, the highest recorded number since Amnesty International began publishing these figures in 1996. Activists reported Ministry of Public Security officials assaulted political prisoners to extract confessions or used other means to induce written confessions, including instructing fellow prisoners to assault them or making promises of better treatment. The 14th National Assembly of Vietnam (term 2016-2021) has 489 Assembly, which is the highest-level representative body of Vietnamese people, has the power to exercise constitutional and legislative rights and to decide on critical issues of the country. Although the law affords detainees access to counsel from the time of detention, authorities used bureaucratic delays to deny timely access to legal counsel. On June 20, the Ministry of Information and Communication demanded the Vietnam Economic Times, a newspaper published by the Vietnam Economic Association, cease operations, effective in January 2021, and revoked the newspaper’s license. Tagalog The criminal code permits defendants to be seated adjacent to their defense attorney, although this was not standard practice. Among those punished were former ministers, former deputy ministers, and provincial leaders. In the past, the government naturalized stateless ethnic Vietnamese who had lived in Cambodia, but there was no information on naturalization efforts or options for those identified as stateless persons during the year. Maritime disputes continue to complicate the bilateral relationship of these Communist Party governments with similar repressive approaches to human rights. In January, Ba Sao Prison in Ha Nam reportedly held Phan Kim Khanh and Nguyen Viet Dung in solitary confinement after their protest against prison regulations. The 2020 Country Report on Vietnam provides a mixed picture of how the government treats people.. Of the 13 rights HRMI measures, none of Vietnam's scores are high enough to reach the 'good' band, and only three scores reach the next 'fair' band - scores for the rights to health, work, and housing. Khmer Officials often subjected political prisoners to more extended periods of solitary confinement than the three months given to other prisoners. According to state-sponsored media reporting, Nguyen created a Facebook account to post and share numerous articles with “antistate” content on Facebook that reportedly “defamed the party, state, and President Ho Chi Minh.”. Nonetheless, suspects commonly reported mistreatment and torture by police, plainclothes security officials, and compulsory drug-detention center personnel during arrest, interrogation, and detention. There were also reports that development companies hired suspected plainclothes police officers and “thugs” to enforce government seizures by intimidating and threatening residents or breaking into their homes. Zulu. The court sometimes denied suspects the right to their own choice of attorney and assigned one. ), the prosecution played multiple video clips in which defendants appeared to confess to the charges brought against them. Arbitrary arrests and prosecutions of human rights defenders significantly increased, with a record number of prisoners of conscience documented. Significant human rights issues included: unlawful or arbitrary killings by the government; torture by government agents; arbitrary arrests and detentions by the government; political prisoners; significant problems with the independence of the judiciary; arbitrary or unlawful interference with privacy; serious restrictions on free expression, the press, and the internet, including arbitrary arrest and prosecution of government critics, censorship, site blocking, and criminal libel laws; substantial interference with the freedom of peaceful assembly and freedom of association; significant restrictions on freedom of movement, including exit bans on activists; inability of citizens to change their government peacefully through free and fair elections; restrictions on political participation; serious acts of corruption; trafficking in persons; significant restrictions on workers’ freedom of association; and use of compulsory child labor. Among the deaths, 610 incidents involved contracted laborers, while 369 incidents involved uncontracted laborers. Other publications, such as the popular national online outlet Dan Tri, aligned themselves with ministries to continue to operate. In addition, and due to the high prevalence of Sunday work, 40 percent of factories failed to provide at least four days of rest per month to all workers. The government, however, took no action against the strikers and, on occasion, mediated agreements in the workers’ favor. In this provocative history, Barbara Keys situates this novel enthusiasm as a reaction to the profound challenge of the Vietnam War and its aftermath. The government restricted and disrupted access to the internet, censored online content, imposed criminal sentences for online expression, and monitored private online communications without legal authority. Le Dinh Luong, for example, did not have access to a Bible, according to his family. The law also expressly forbids “taking advantage of democratic freedoms and rights to violate the interests of the state or lawful rights and interests of organizations or individuals.”. The law allows the government to punish publishers if they publish “untruthful information” in the fields of statistics; atomic energy; management of prices, charges, fees, and invoices; education; civil aviation; vocational training; hydrometeorology; cartography; and health. On three separate occasions in September, Dong Thap Province security officials “invited” Nguyen Thi Tinh, wife of prisoner Nguyen Nang Tinh, to discuss the government’s concerns about her Facebook posts. Amnesty International reported that the number of prisoners of conscience in Vietnam was up by roughly 33 percent over 2018. The VGCL’s Institute of Workers and Trade Unions noted women older than 35 accounted for approximately one-half of all unemployed workers in the country. In cases of particularly serious crimes, including national security cases, the law allows detention “until the completion of the investigation.”. Activists and bloggers face frequent physical assaults by officials or thugs who appear to work in coordination with authorities and enjoy impunity. The law provides for the right of trade unions to organize and lead strikes with substantive and procedural restrictions. Today, there are approximately 40,000 child prostitutes in Vietnam, who earn on average 10 dollars per encounter. The government did not permit independent, local human rights organizations to form or operate, nor did it tolerate attempts by organizations or individuals to criticize its human rights practices publicly. Police monitor, harass, and sometimes violently crack down on religious groups operating outside government-controlled institutions. Authorities arrested and convicted multiple land rights protesters on charges of “resisting persons on duty” or “causing public disorder.”. Administrative and civil courts heard civil suits under procedures similar to those in criminal cases and using members of the same body of judges and people’s assessors to adjudicate the cases. Those charges, filed in July 2019, led the Ministry of Public Security to deny Hai’s request to defend imprisoned activist Truong Duy Nhat, who was allegedly refouled to Vietnam from Thailand in January 2019. Unlike his predecessor, President Joe Biden places democracy and human rights at the center of U.S. foreign policy.At the same time, his government is partnering with an authoritarian Vietnam to deal with larger strategic problems posed by a revisionist China. -. Swahili Foreign Travel: Prospective emigrants occasionally encountered difficulties obtaining a passport or exit permission, and authorities regularly confiscated passports of activists and government critics, at times indefinitely. In a small number of cases, the government held police officials responsible, typically several years after the death. $55,000. The law does not prohibit discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex persons in housing, employment, nationality laws, or access to government services. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining, b. Vietnam continued to systematically violate basic civil and political rights in 2020. Authorities used national security laws to impose lengthy prison sentences on members of ethnic minorities for their connections to overseas organizations the government claimed espoused separatist aims. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, 2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. Turkish Some registered organizations, including governance, women’s rights, and environment-focused NGOs, reported increased scrutiny of their activities. Kirghiz The law prohibits discrimination against or mistreatment of persons with physical disabilities, mental disabilities, or both and protects their right to access education and other state services, but the government struggled to enforce these provisions. Georgian Depending on the seriousness and nature of the offenses, these time limits vary. Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum age of marriage is 18 for girls and 20 for boys, and the law criminalizes organizing marriage for, or entering into marriage with, an underage person. There was a major increase in censorship of online speech, in addition to a significant rise in arbitrary arrests, detentions and prosecutions of individuals in connection with their right to exercise freedom of expression both online and offline. The country found itself with 5 gigawatts (GW) of photovoltaic projects, far exceeding the 1 GW by 2020 target. Some children started work as young as 12, and nearly 55 percent of child workers did not attend school. Without legal warrants, authorities regularly opened and censored targeted private mail; confiscated packages and letters; and monitored telephone conversations, email, text messages, blogs, and fax transmissions. If the victim becomes pregnant, the rape is incestuous, or the offender is in a guardianship position to the victim, the penalty increases to 12 to 20 years’ imprisonment. Moldavian Tajik Authorities treated domestic violence cases as civil cases unless the victim suffered injuries to more than 11 percent of the body. Freedom to Participate in the Political Process, Section 4. There was no active system of prison ombudsmen with whom prisoners could file complaints. The government continued to prohibit class action lawsuits against government ministries, thus rendering ineffective joint complaints from land rights petitioners. "We have seen how the virus does not discriminate, but . Southern Sotho The government punished journalists for failing to self-censor, including by revoking journalists’ press credentials. Hung, Vietnam's information minister, told lawmakers this month that Facebook blocked or restricted more than 2,000 posts in 2020 — five times as many as last year — and had agreed to block . If you are talented and passionate about human rights then Amnesty International wants to hear from you. The government continued the policy of classifying information related to the death penalty as a state secret. The law requires a birth certificate to access public services, such as education and health care. The government also subsidized several technical and vocational schools for ethnic minorities. Romany International Child Abductions: The country is not a party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. The government, under the one-party rule of the Communist Party of Vietnam, tightened restrictions on freedom . In the 116th Congress, S. 1369 and H.R. Vietnam’s problematic cybersecurity law went into effect in January 2019. ANNOUNCEMENT: The Department of State will release an addendum to this report in mid 2021 that expands the subsection on Women in Section 6 to include a broader range of issues related to reproductive rights.​. The ministry did not disclose the sources of these figures or legal bases for these requests. The government restricts religious practice through legislation, registration requirements, and surveillance. Participation of Women and Members of Minority Groups: No laws limit participation of women or members of minority groups in the political process. State-owned internet service providers routinely blocked domestic Vietnamese-language websites that contained content criticizing the CPV or promoted political reform. Although the law provides for equal inheritance rights for men and women, a son was more likely to inherit property than a daughter, unless otherwise specified by a legal document such as a will. Over the year, the EU raised concerns over convictions and imprisonment of several rights activists. Assessing, addressing and reporting human rights violations are crucial steps to building trust and shaping a culture that values and protects people. Kurmanji It should be stressed that all our specialists have been tested in preparing no-plagiarized pieces of writing of supreme quality only. In practice media and activists reported there were cases in which detainees were held in the same cells with convicted prisoners. Insufficient diet and unclean food, overcrowding, lack of access to potable water, and poor sanitation remained serious problems. NGOs continued to report the occurrence of forced labor of men, women, and children (see also section 7.c.). Tok Pisin Sinhalese Women-led enterprises had limited access to credit and international markets. According to press reports, the VFF allowed two self-nominated candidates on final ballots, but both individuals were party members. Physical Conditions: By law pretrial detainees are to be held separately from convicted prisoners. China remains the most influential power on Vietnam. There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities. Prison authorities often held political prisoners far from their homes, making family visits difficult, and routinely did not inform family members of prison transfers. Corruption and Lack of Transparency in Government, Section 5. Human Rights Watch noted that her arrest occurred "just a few hours after the annual human rights dialogue between the United States and Vietnam" and that she was immediately charged. In May, a court in Dong Nai sentenced two Facebook users, Vu Thi Dung and Nguyen Thi Ngoc Suong, to six years and five years’ imprisonment respectively, for reading and listening to materials on Facebook and distributing leaflets calling on people to protest against China and state oppression. And right arrows to seek, up and down arrows in 2016 the! Particularly in the political process, section 6 ever tried who appear to in... Rights Act, introduced last year Free, compulsory, and migration from areas! Authorities or service providers wife, Bui Kim Phuong, from leaving Vietnam Singapore. Association by not allowing trade unions full autonomy in administering their affairs plan to develop curricula! 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