china foreign aid white paper

Found insideThis year’s book elucidates key present macroeconomic challenges facing China’s economy in 2017, and the impacts and readiness of human capital, innovation and technological change in affecting the development of China’s economy. By the end of 2009, China had aided 161 countries and more than 30 international and regional organizations, including 123 developing countries that receive aid from China regularly. Concessional loans are raised by the Export-Import Bank of China on the market. PICs have already become a testing place for this new modality. Found insideThis is the product of China's miracle economic growth over a period of more than three decades, together with China's drive to become a major player in world affairs and accomplish this through economic rather than military means. The Tanzania-Zambia Railway is a landmark project in China’s early assistance for cross-border infrastructure construction in Africa. Goods and materials. China actively helped African countries improve their ability to cope with climate change, and strengthened cooperation with them in meteorological satellite monitoring, new energy development and utilization, desertification prevention and control, and urban environmental protection. Interest-free loans are mainly used to help recipient countries to construct public facilities and launch projects to improve people’s livelihood. It has sent delegations to participate in conferences and dialogues on international development and cooperation such as the UN High-Level Meeting on Financing for Development, UN High-Level Meeting on the Millennium Development Goals, UN Development Cooperation Forum, High-Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness, Heiligendamm Process Dialogue between G8 and the five most important emerging economies, and WTO Global Review on Aid for Trade, to strengthen its communication and exchanges with other aid providers and promote South-South cooperation. Master’s degrees in public administration, education, international relations and international media were granted to 359 officials from 75 developing countries. This comprehensive two volume study has a rich data set--with nearly 231 Figures and Tables and in depth chapters on the United States and the seven European markets studied. The paper finds that practices governing Chinese aid and development finance diverge from clear OECD standards and norms on transparency and definitions, Training teachers. Figure 1 Sectoral Distribution of Concessional Loans from China. At the UN conferences on climate change held in Cancun, Durban and Doha, China shared its experience in energy conservation and emission reduction, and also pledged to increase assistance in the environment sector to the least developed countries, small island countries and African countries, in a move to help them develop clean energy and improve their capacity in addressing climate change. Chinese experts assisted in the operation of a hybrid rice development and demonstration center in Madagascar, where 34 strains of Chinese hybrid paddy rice were grown, with average per-ha. China’s foreign aid policy has distinct characteristics of the times. The major ones include the Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall in Sri Lanka, the Friendship Hall in Sudan, the National Theater of Ghana, the Cairo International Convention and Exhibition Center in Egypt, the Radio and Television Broadcast Center in Comoros, the International Convention Center in Myanmar, the Moi International Sports Center in Kenya, the Multi-Functional Sports Stadium in Fiji and the Tanzania National Stadium. The first two come from China’s state finances, while concessional loans are provided by the Export-Import Bank of China as designated by the Chinese government. China’s aid has made a positive contribution to the development of medical undertakings, improvement of the medical care infrastructure and advance of medical treatment technologies in the recipient countries. Regarding the distribution of its foreign aid, China sets great store by people’s living conditions and economic development of recipient countries, making great efforts to ensure its aid benefits as many needy people as possible. By the end of 2009, China had signed debt relief protocols with 50 countries from Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean and Oceania, canceling 380 mature debts totaling 25.58 billion yuan. China has also increased the amount of foreign assistance in environmental protection, helping the recipient countries realize economic and social development. Instead of … Found inside – Page 1This book gives readers an informed view of this very important issue in contemporary international relations. This bookw as published as a special issue of Asian Studies Review. In addition to seeking China’s financial support, PICs should also focus on capacity building by participating in training programs. Dispatching senior agricultural experts and expert teams. At the beginning of its foreign aid efforts, China helped developing countries in Asia and Africa in utilizing local water resources to build small- and medium-sized hydropower stations and projects of power transmission to meet the needs for electricity by local people as well as by agricultural and industrial production. Assisting the construction of public facilities. By the end of 2009, China had sent more than 700 agricultural experts and technicians to Africa, the Caribbean and the Asia-Pacific area. Agricultural development is crucial to poverty reduction in developing countries. In addition, it sent emergency food aid to DPRK, Bangladesh, Nepal, Afghanistan, Burundi, Lesotho, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and other countries. Capacity building. Technical cooperation means that China dispatches experts to give technical guidance on production, operation or maintenance of complete projects after they are completed, and train local people as managerial and technical personnel; to help developing countries grow crops, raise animals and process products on a trial basis, and teach local people China’s agricultural technologies and traditional handicraft skills; and to help developing countries in inspection, survey, planning, research and consultation work of some industries. Taking the characteristics and actual needs of agricultural development in developing countries into consideration, China provided nearly 300 research and training programs of various forms for almost 7,000 agricultural officials and technicians from the recipient countries. The white paper emphasizes that China will pay more attention to humanitarian aid in the future in the context of its foreign aid. Foreign Aid Policy II. Council released its second White Paper on Foreign Aid. Thus, it has advantages in this regard when it comes to foreign aid. China is willing to work with the international community to share opportunities, meet challenges, strive to realize the world’s dream of lasting peace and common prosperity, and make greater contribution to the development of mankind. These medical teams then provide location-based or touring medical services in those countries. In the 21st century, especially since 2004, on the basis of sus-tained and rapid economic growth and enhanced overall national strength, China’s financial resource for foreign aid has increased rapidly, averaging 29.4% from 2004 to 2009. In the 1950s, soon after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, although it was short of funds and materials, China began to provide economic aid and technical assistance to other countries, and gradually expanded the scope of such aid. Conducting exchanges and dialogue on development cooperation with other countries and organizations. Over the 2010-12 three-year period, the White Paper says China provided US$14.41 billion of aid…. China assisted the construction of the 20,000-square-meter Grand National Theater in Senegal, one of the largest theaters in Africa. Its completion has not only powered economic and social development in Ghana, but also benefited other areas in Western Africa. Pacific Island Countries (PICs), while grappling with the economic hardships exacerbated by COVID, can make the most of Chinese aid in the fight against the pandemic, the Belt and Road, the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and humanitarian assistance. Found insideThis book examines the processes, evolution and consequences of China’s rapid integration into the global economy. 1. In a new paper, Yun Sun examines China's Africa policy and the true nature of Sino-African ties. At present, the annual interest rate of China’s concessional loans is between 2% and 3%, and the period of repayment is usually 15 to 20 years (including five to seven years of grace). The white paper emphasizes that China will pay more attention to humanitarian aid in the future in the context of its foreign aid. Grants are mainly used to help recipient countries to build hospitals, schools and low-cost houses, and support well-digging or water-supply projects, and other medium and small projects for social welfare. 11. Currently, the environment for global development is not favor-able. China sends medical teams to recipient countries and provide free medical devices and medicines. New Urbanisation as a Driver of China's Growth -- Cai Fang, Guo Zhenwei and Wang Meiyan -- 4. Forecasting China's Economic Growth by 2020 and 2030 -- Xiaolu Wang and Yixiao Zhou In order to effectively learn international experience, improve assistance efficiency and enrich assistance forms, China intensified efforts to promote international cooperation in development assistance, and conducted trilateral cooperation featuring complementary advantage with multilateral and bilateral assistance providers by leveraging each party’s strengths on the premise of fully respecting the will of recipient countries. The White Paper demonstrates how the Chinese government’s thinking on foreign aid and development assistance has undergone significant evolution, if not a total paradigm shift. The demonstration center in Liberia promoted hybrid rice and corn planting in areas of nearly 1,000 hectares, and trained over 1,000 local agricultural researchers and farmers. China continued to send volunteers to other developing countries to provide services in language teaching, physical education, computer training, traditional Chinese medicine treatment, agricultural technology, art training, industrial technology, social development and international relief for schools, hospitals, government agencies, farms, and research institutes. In this extraordinary collection of hundreds of internal government and Communist Party documents, secretly smuggled out of China, we learn how these events came to pass from behind the scenes. Giving support to infrastructure construction and integrated development. From 2010 to 2012, China appropriated in total 89.34 billion yuan (14.41 billion U.S. dollars) for foreign assistance in three types: grant (aid gratis), interest-free loan and concessional loan. Increasing energy supply capacity. The geographical distribution of China’s foreign aid shows a comparatively even coverage. Strengthening Environmental Protection. Its release has been timed to coincide with China celebrating seven decades of foreign aid that began in the 1950s and embarking on a new stage in its journey as … China’s Foreign Aid (2014) Updated: Jul 10,2014 11:52 AM www.scio.gov.cn China’s Foreign Aid (2014) Information Office of the State Council. From 2010 to 2012, China offered 1.6 billion yuan of concessional loans to the above five countries, and trained over 2,000 personnel for them. It covers Chinese aid in the period 2013–18. In 2003, China started to dispatch volunteer Chinese-language teachers to other countries. After adopting the aforesaid cooperation models, some already-completed productive projects accomplished more than traditional technical co-operation in improving enterprise management and production level. The new white paper, while still light on details, has been considered a big deal in foreign aid circles because it gives a peak into what the tight-lipped nation is doing. China and the Asian Development Bank held sessions for five consecutive years on city development in the Asian-Pacific region and development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Found insideForeword by Richard C. LeoneAcknowledgements1. Introduction2. Africa--So Little Development?3. Aid and Development in Africa4. Foreign Aid: The Donors5. The United States6. France and Britain7. Sweden, Italy, Japan8. The Multilaterals9. The Chinese government earlier this month published a major update to the country’s foreign aid and international development strategy. In 2012, China announced its African Talents Program: to train 30,000 personnel in various sectors for Africa in three years and offer 18,000 government scholarships. In the field of training, China has conducted effective cooperation with multilateral organizations such as the World Bank, the UN Conference on Trade and. In spite of this, China has been doing its best to provide foreign aid, to help recipient countries to strengthen their self-development capacity, enrich and improve their peoples’ livelihood, and promote their economic growth and social progress. Since 2010, China has constantly stepped up its efforts in implementing the China-ASEAN Action Plan on Comprehensive Food Productivity Enhancement. It has been many months in the works, and unexplicably delayed for months, but now, at last, the second White Paper on Foreign Aid has been published. Preface. Since 2005, China has carried out exchanges in development as-sistance with many international multilateral organizations and countries. Complete projects. In recent years, food security has become a global issue, and China has adopted a series of measures to address this problem in its foreign aid. China started to run such programs in 1953. The recipients of China’s foreign aid are mainly low-income de-veloping countries. The People's Republic of China. China offers foreign aid in eight forms: complete projects, goods and materials, technical cooperation, human resource development cooperation, medical teams sent abroad, emergency humanitarian aid, volunteer programs in foreign countries, and debt relief. In July 2012, at the Fifth Ministerial Meeting of the FOCAC, the Chinese government promised to provide assistance in building more agricultural technology demonstration centers in Africa, strengthen technical training, demonstration and popularization, and help African countries improve their ability in food production, processing, storage and marketing. China provides foreign aid within the reach of its abilities in accordance with its na-tional conditions. Participating in International Exchanges for Development Cooperation. From 2010 to 2012, China contributed in accumulation 1.76 billion yuan to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), the United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, to support other developing countries in poverty reduction, food security, trade development, crisis prevention and reconstruction, population development, maternal and child health care, disease prevention and control, education and environmental protection. There's some suggestion that the total aid figure is 'multiples higher than the government announces', but on my calculations the US$14.41 billion number for 2010-2012 cited in the White Paper is more or less accurate. Improving trade-related production capacity. From the 1950s to the 1970s, China helped many new-ly-independent Asian and African countries undertake a number of industrial projects. From 2010 to 2012, China provided foreign assistance mainly in the following forms: undertaking complete projects, providing goods and materials, conducting technical cooperation and human resources development cooperation, dispatching medical teams and volunteers, offering emergency humanitarian aid, and reducing or exempting the debts of the recipient countries. In this In Brief I compare Chinese aid data across the two white papers. For example, making medium- to long-term aid plans will increase the predictability of Chinese aid to the Pacific. ... Foreign aid policy can not only expand Taiwan's international role, but also help other countries in need. China helped recipient countries enhance their emergency rescue, disaster prevention and relief capacity by ways of providing materials and training. Table 1 Sectoral Distribution of Complete Projects Overseas Completed with the Help of China (by the end of 2009). Lu Hui, “China Issues White Paper on Foreign Aid,” Xinhua, 10 July 2014. In 2009, 60 Chinese medical teams composed of 1,324 members provided medical services at 130 medical institutions in 57 developing countries. In such cases, China provides materials or cash for emergency relief or dispatches relief personnel of its own accord or at the victim country’s request, so as to reduce losses of life and property in disaster-stricken areas and help the victim country tackle difficulties caused by the disaster. — Remaining realistic while striving for the best. When re-cipient countries encounter difficulties in repaying due interest-free loans, the Chinese government usually adopts flexible ways and ex-tends the period of repayment through bilateral discussions. Over the past few years, the world has been frequently hit by severe natural disasters caused by earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and droughts as well as humanitarian crises caused by wars, and many countries have suffered serious casualties and property losses. China has assisted the construction of a large number of industrial and agricultural production and infrastructure projects, which have played a boosting role in the economic development of ASEAN countries. China has also trained a large number of medical workers for other developing countries. the first white paper on China’s foreign aid (2011 White Paper) by the Information Office of the State Council in 2011, and a number of efforts by researchers, it is still not easy to quantify China’s foreign aid compared to Official Development Assistance (ODA)2 provided by the DAC Economic infrastructure construction is always an important part of China’s foreign aid. This marks a rare release of official information on China’s often opaque development cooperation activities. The Bui Hydropower Station built by China in Ghana boasts the capacity of hydroelectricity generation, farmland irrigation, fisheries development and local tourism. On July 10, 2014, China released its much-awaited second white paper on foreign aid. Of these, the Hama Textile Mill in Syria, the Cement Factory in Rwanda, the Rioja Cement Factory in Peru, the Agriculture Machinery Factory in Myanmar and the Loutété Cement Factory in the Republic of Congo are always profitable. The basic principles China upholds in providing foreign assistance are mutual respect, equality, keeping promise, mutual benefits and win-win. China assisted the construction of a number of trade-related production programs, which have helped improve to a certain degree the production capacity of the recipient countries, so that they can better meet the needs of the market and improve the import-export mix. To maximise the benefits for PICs, as a first step, Pacific aid officials should approach their Chinese counterparts, especially the Economic and Commercial Offices on the ground, to seek more information. | Improved post-project evaluation will prompt Chinese contractors in the Pacific to focus more on maintenance, which is necessary since sometimes PICs lack the required skills and resources for this. Helping improve disaster prevention and relief capacity. To support other developing countries in improving their people’s livelihood and organizing public activities, China actively assisted the construction of urban and rural public welfare facilities, affordable housing and social activity venues, provided relevant equipment and materials, and conducted technical cooperation on operation and management. China held 1,951 training sessions for officials and technical personnel and on-the-job academic education programs in China, training a total of 49,148 people from other developing countries. Found inside – Page iiA compilation of their findings, this book will be of interest to NGOs, policymakers, and academics. This book explores the changing face of development assistance. Still a developing country itself, China appears to administer foreign aid in an ad hoc fashion, without a centralized system, foreign aid agency and mission, or regularized funding schedule.3 Nor does Beijing publicly release foreign aid-related data. China makes agriculture, rural development and poverty reduc-tion in developing countries priorities of its foreign aid. Concessional loans are raised by the Export-Import Bank of China on the market, and since the loan interest is lower than the benchmark interest of the People’s Bank of China, the difference is made up by the State as financial subsidies. Fast development in human resources cooperation. The Export-Import Bank of China is responsible for the assessment of projects with concessional loans, and the allocation and recovery of loans. This well-timed book, by one of the world's leading experts, provides the first comprehensive account of China's aid and economic cooperation overseas. The international community should mobilize more development resources to strengthen South-North cooperation, support South-South cooperation and promote economic and social development of developing countries to eliminate poverty worldwide. China passed on advanced and applicable production technologies to local farmers through experiment, demonstration and training. The Chinese government promptly carried out rescue work in all aspects and through multiple channels, participated in post-flood reconstruction by helping the victims and rebuilding transportation infrastructure as the country requested. It is much less detailed than the first, and perhaps that reflects the triumph of whatever concerns delayed it. The United States and China have followed nearly parallel paths as providers of foreign aid over the past seven decades. PICs also need to look for opportunities linked to China’s aid reform. In the three years, China trained over 1,000 educational officials, principals and faculty members from other developing countries by holding over 30 educational training programs, including those for senior administrators of colleges and universities, for higher education management, for vocational education management, for principals and teachers of primary and secondary schools, and for distance education. However, the white paper reveals that China’s net foreign aid is also estimated from In this period, China overcame its own difficulties, and provided maximum assistance it could afford to other developing countries in their efforts to win national independence and to develop national economy, thus laying a solid foundation for its long-term friendly cooperation with developing countries. Some public welfare facilities, including the Capital Water Supply Project in Nouakchott, Mauritania, the Well-Drilling Project in Cambodia, the Water Supply Project in Chalinze, Tanzania and the Water Supply Project in Zinder, Niger, low-cost housing projects in Angola and Surinam, have played an active role in improving the living condi-tions of local poor people. His research focuses on Chinese foreign aid, foreign policy and China in the Pacific. Furthermore, although two white papers were issued regarding foreign aid by the Chinese government in 2011 and 2014, information has remained scarce. This White Paper moves on from the prior … Targeting to common development, China made use of such platforms as Forum for Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and the Portuguese-speaking Countries (Macau), China-Caribbean Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum, China-Pacific Island Countries Economic Development and Cooperation Forum, China-Arab States Cooperation Forum, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to carry out cooperation with developing countries in regions concerned. Even before the White Paper’s release, there was much controversy Last but not the least, the white paper covers the period of 2013-2018, and does not seem to address the heightened geostrategic competition that is unfolding in the Pacific (and elsewhere) between China and traditional donors in recent years. In addition, China built three agricultural technology demonstration centers in ASEAN countries and dispatched 300 agricultural experts and technicians to provide technical guidance. The new white paper provides an update of Chinese aid for the period 2010–2012. About us China prioritizes supporting other developing countries to develop agriculture, enhance education level, improve medical and health services and build public welfare facilities, and provide emergency humanitarian aid when they suffer severe disasters. To make relief actions quicker and more effective, the Chinese government formally established a response mechanism for emergency humanitarian relief and aid in foreign countries in September 2004. At present, they account for 40% of China’s foreign aid expenditure. China held seminars on development assistance and conducted exchanges with the UK, Australia, Switzerland and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). China has sent regular teams of volunteers to Ethiopia, Guyana and a few other countries. At present, over 30 hospitals are under construction with the help of China. 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